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For every famous author of the twelfth-century renaissance, there are numerous lesser-known writers. Despite being overshadowed by more brilliant scholars or those closer to the centre of important events, their voices add depth to the study of the intellectual history of this period. A founding member of one of the earliest Premonstratensian houses; a highly-educated and prolific author, much in demand as a hagiographer; and a vigorous defender of the clerical order, Philip of Harvengt is one such writer, and a worthy subject for study. This thesis examines two bodies of Philip’s works – his letters and his hagiographical writings – analysing the predominant and recurrent concerns and ideals expressed in them, and the means by which they are expressed. The letters are carefully crafted works, examples of the literary labour which Philip writes is incumbent upon the cleric. The first part of this thesis approaches these letters in chapters on four themes: the role of the ecclesiastical prelate; the importance of learning; the relationship between religious orders; and Philip’s use of the motif of friendship. His hagiographical works, too, are examples of literary artistry, to move as well as to educate the audience. In the second part of the thesis, these will be discussed individually, with the first chapter analysing his vita of Oda, a nun attached to his own house, whom he portrays as a martyr. The succeeding chapters consider Philip’s rewritings of earlier vitae, and show how he managed his sources in order to produce vitae depicting their subjects according to his ideal model of sanctity. Philip’s letters express concerns shared by contemporaries, reflecting anxieties surrounding roles and ideal forms of living in a period immediately following the first fervour of religious renewal. His hagiographies articulate ideals of sanctity, clarifying these when they are not made sufficiently explicit in earlier works, for the better edification of an audience pursuing this vita perfecta. Both letters and hagiographies are designed to exhort and instruct the reader or listener: above all, Philip is a teacher.
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All the houses were abbeys except where specifically stated otherwise.ALNWICK (Northumberland), St Mary f. 1147 x 1148Lists in Colvin, pp. 392–3; A. M. Oliver in Proc. Soc. Ant. Newcastle, 3rd ser., IX (1919–20), 42–4; Heads, I, 192; Heads, II, 491.Walter de Hepscott (Hepescotes) Occ. 15 Aug. 1376 (Ch. Alnwick, p. 43).John Frechevyl Occ. 1379 (TNA, E179/62/4, m. Id).William (de) Rok (Rokk') Occ. 6 Feb. 1395 (DCM, Reg. II, f. 315v); Trin. 1404 (called Kok), Hil. 1407 (Dendy, Arch. Aeliana, 3rd ser., 6 (1910), 67–8); 10 Apr. 1407 (Nbld and Durham Deeds, p. 156).John Occ. [1415] (TNA, E101/214/5B, m. 21).John Cudberde 1419– Can. of Alnwick, pres. of abb.-el. for bl., no reason being given for the vacancy 12 May 1419 (Reg. Langley, V, p. 115, no. 1414). Probably to be identified with the abb. John who occ. from 20 June 1421 (ibid., V, p. 153, no. 1478) to 8 March 1435 (ibid., IV, p. 152, no. 1144).William Marschal (Marschall) 1437– Can. of Alnwick, pres. of abb.-el. for bl., no reason being given for the vacancy 25 May 1437 (ibid., V, p. 34, no. 1293); commn to bl. 4 July 1437 (ibid., p. 35, no. 1294). He was previously vicar of Chatton (ibid., p. 36, no. 1295). Is he the same as William below?
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The excavations at the Premonstratensian abbey on a lake island in the Gaelic-Irish territory of Moylurg are described. The development of the monastery from its foundation c.1220 to its abandonment by the canons c.1606-7 is traced in the structural remains, the occupational levels and the artefacts uncovered. Although the standard claustral plan was envisaged for the monastery, it was apparent from the investigations that only the east range was actually built. During the monastic occupation, the religious community and lay people were buried within the abbey buildings and in two cemeteries outside. The collection of finds provides an insight into the day-to-day activities that were carried out at the abbey. Many of the artefacts were for domestic or agricultural use and were manufactured locally. The excavation revealed evidence that the building to the north of the church was rebuilt following a fire in the fifteenth century. There was also archaeological evidence of the destruction of the east range by another fire and the continued use of the church for burial in the post-dissolution period.
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