James I

1603-1625

Charles I

1625-1649 (James' son)

English Civil Wars

Begin 1642

Execution of Charles I

1649

Interregnum/ Commonwealth

Without a monarch, England establishes a "Comonwealth" with a "Lord Protector," Oliver Cromwell.

Oliver Cromwell,

1649-1658

Richard Cromwell

1658-1660

Restoration of theMonarchy

1660

Charles II

1660-1685 (Charles I's son; Protestant)

James II

1685-1688 (Charles I's son; Catholic)

William III and Mary

1689-1702 & 1689-1694 (Mary was James II's daughter by his first wife and Protestant; William was Charles I's grandson through his daughter Mary who had married William II of Orange (of the Netherlands).

Anne

1702-1714 (another daughter of James II).